One-time purchase · lifetime access · all three modules (Holding Entries, Radial Intercepts, Procedure Turns). Support: hello@ifrfix.com
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Kein Wind, 120 kt, Clearance als Text — ideal zum Einstieg.
MAX SPEEDS: up to 14,000 ft: 230 kt (Cat A/B: 170 kt) · 14,001–20,000 ft: 240 kt ·
20,001–34,000 ft: 265 kt · above: M0.83. Turbulence: 280 kt or M0.8 (whichever is less, with ATC approval).
TIMING: outbound 1 min up to 14,000 ft, 1½ min above — from abeam the fix or reaching the outbound heading, whichever comes LATER. With DME legs the outbound ends at the limiting DME.
TURNS: 25° bank or rate 1 — whichever requires the lesser bank.
FLY-OVER RULE OF THUMB (only in the 50° band from the offset boundary, β 60–110°):
cross the fix and continue straight for about 15–20 s — the single rate-1 turn then rolls
out right on the outbound leg. In ALL other direct cases: turn immediately at the fix;
if the turn rolls out slightly inside, correct the difference on the inbound leg — protected
airspace allows for it. (Not an official requirement — proven technique.)
45/180: outbound from the fix (1 min from abeam/fix), 45° turn toward the maneuvering side — timing runs FROM THE START of that turn: 1 min (Cat A/B) · 1¼ min (Cat C–E) — then a 180° reversal the opposite way → 45° intercept onto the inbound. 80/260: 80° turn to the side, immediately followed by 260° the opposite way — rolls out on the inbound. BASE TURN: diverging outbound track (published value, example here 30°), timing per the procedure's TAS formula, then ONE turn onto the inbound. Always ONLY on the published maneuvering side. Base-turn entry: within ±30° of the outbound track only. Wind correction: same system (rule of thirds, 1:60, ±1 s/kt on the outbound time).
Coming in an upcoming version with its own phase debrief (outbound time, 45° leg, reversal, inbound intercept). Until then: consolidate the procedures in PRACTICE — the flying fundamentals (timing, intercepts, established) you train in HOLDING and INTERCEPTS.
Intercept angle by angular difference to the target radial (training standard — not an ICAO requirement): 0–10° → twice the difference (minimum 20°) · 10–30° → 45° · 30–70° → INBOUND 90° / OUTBOUND 45°. Lead for the roll-out: rate-1 anticipation (the steeper the cut, the earlier). CDI: 2° per dot, 10° full scale. STATION PASSAGE: the needle gets restless (cone of confusion), TO→FROM flip — HOLD heading, do not chase it; only afterwards track the outbound radial.
Coming in an upcoming version with its own debrief (intercept HDG, lead, established quality). Until then: consolidate angles and headings in PRACTICE — needle feel and getting established you can fly in the HOLDING module with VOR/GPS/ADF.